Brick kiln for burning of bricks and similar articles



A. HABLA BRICK KILN FOR BURNING OF BRICKS AND SIMILAR ARTICLES 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed July 30, 1928 owl.

y. 2mn

` /n ven for:

a@ ML 19)( June 9, 1931. A. HABLA 1,809,336

BRICK KILN FOR BURNING OF BRICKS AND SIMILAR ARTICLES Filed July 30. 1928 2 ShevetS-Sheeb 2 ,AVAVAWM Patnted June 9, 1931 sas-if isassef ALois'nABLA, or RADiivG-THE'UsrNs, Niaaairaniisan, CZECHOSLOVAKIA 'BRICK KILN Foa 'Buitiviivs or :smeris AND siivriLAR An'rrcnias 7 Appiieamn aiefi'iiuy 3o', 1792s, seriai up. 296,365, ,and in 'Czechoslovakia :anyr 2e, les?.

The invention consists of a brick kiln for burning of bricks and similar articles. rIvhis kiln consists Yof two long Walls ,covered 'with plates, thusforming a burning space, opengat 5 the ends, burning taking place to and fro. In Y this burning space there are erected division Walls of unburnt bricks thusforming burning chambers. yThese division Walls have numerousopenings and do notstretch the vvhole. l` Width of the kiln.` Theyrare so arranged alternately that if one end of one of these isH against lone Wall, then the end of the neXtone is against vthe other'wall, so that one part of the hot gases passes sinuously through the r kiln and another part of hot gases passesv .through the faces of the division Walls into the next chamber. According to the Way in'.

Which these division Walls are erectedmore vor less hot gases can pass through openingsk through these Walls. Further, there is placedV over the Whole cross section i', e. Width, of the kiln, in front of the division walls,`a partition Wall of'movab'le'iron or burn'able material. On removing orburning this parti`` tion Wall connectionis obtained With the next chamber. By using'various-methods of setting these division Walls one 'can' seal the f chamber more or less' wellvv'ithout the use'of` partition Walls.` On removing of the parti- '30 tion Wall one part of the' hot gases will pass through the l set kiln in sinuous form, and therefore passthrough the'chambers inparn allel'; lWhile another part of'these gases passesv through numerousopenings formed 'inthe dji i135 vision Walls-Which larev made of unburnt "bricks, When-f the partition Wall is eitherremoved or:burnedinto the nextchamber. The long walls, built permanently" 4of brick- A Y Work, contain smoke channels and heat'co'ii-v ductingk channels. n

is similar to thatof a vcontinuous kiln. f HeatV Otherwise,v the loperationfrom the cooling ,chambersL can be Withdrawn and in the-usual ina-nner utilized for Watersmoking and pre-drying. `Mainly the emptying ofthekiln takes place' from the ends.;lthe centre chambers may be emptied'by a door built in-tlie centre of the long Walls. The procedure canal'so be carried 'out' in inorethan one burning space formed by more vthan tWo Walls near to'eachother',

in Fig. 7;

vertical cross section;

n Figs.`1,2, 3,4 shovi a simpl kiln for small l "operations l V Fig. shows a cross section of thekiln.y f

Fig.l 2 is-anelev'ation of the'kiln.

l Fig; 3 isa plan.

Fig. l shovvs avfully1 set kiln in plan vvithf the division Walls.l Fig. 41a show'saycross section 4through the -55 firin,`g.ll `f g f Fig. 5 shows a plan of adouble kiln.

Fig. 6 shows a cross sectionof a double kiln.

"Fig 7 shows a. triple kiln in plan. y' Fig. 8 is an end-elevaton of the kiln, shown 70 Figs. 9, 9a, 9?) show the temporary division i 'i Walls `vvith respect tor the partitionv Walls in Figs. 10 land 11 show a part vof a set kiln in longitudinal section With various methods of setting the division Walls. i l Fig. 12 shows the centre Wall of a double riln. -f -f Fig. 13 shows the removable or b urnablc (partition) Walls in plan.

kiln. Y.

The kiln, shown inFigs. 1&1 consists of tivo 'parallelWalls 'M1' and M"2`, and which, as is shown in Fig/2, are/covered byfa roof :T he tivo permanent Walls Mi and lli/lg contain?V heat conducting `tubes (not shown) from any particular portionv ofthe lset kiln. g

. Fig L1 shows the kilny set Wthgoodsto be 10o Fig. 14 shows thecovering plates the i G.- 'Boththesmoke flues`R1 and burnt in chambers 1 10. The division Walls of each of the burning chambers 1 10 are built of bricks to be burnt. In the Figs. 9, 9a, 9b, 10 and 11 the division Walls a are o shown in vertical cross section, they do not stretch the Width of the kiln, instead they leave passage Ways Z) at the ends as shown in Fig. 4. In order to prevent a rush of air, during the burning, there is introduced, between the individual division Walls a partition Wall c (see Figs. et and made of iron, or similar, or else of a burnable material; should these be made or' burnable material, then the burning takes place as with the paper partitions of a continuous kiln. In order to prevent asudden rush of air through the top of the kiln, the movable Wall c is provided with Van iron gutterpcl, which can be illedwith isolating material, san-dorsuch. This affects the sealing at Ithe top of the kiln asshown in F-i'gs. 9,966,922 andl'O. The covers can also be constructed in a similar' Way to the covers in ja continuous kiln, Without arches,'see F 10 and 11. On 'the rightrofr Fig. 10 is shown the seal-ing of the division Wall on top by gutters `el vand e; on the left is represented the division Wall after removing the partition wall c. rlhe kiln is covered With plates (Fig. 14).

rThe procedure with the above described kiln is carried out in the following ina-nner:

The kiln is partly or fully set with goods to be burn-t, and a small smoke tire is lit at thc tiring place j', this is strengthened in the usual way untilit can be increased to the mai-n lire. By the opening and closing of the smoke dampers G1 and G2 and others :the ylire is conducted as ina continuous kiln. By removing or burning of the partition Wall c there will eventually follow a connection with the succeeding chamber.- Should one Wish, for example, to conduct the fire trom cham-ber 2 to chamber 3, lthen the partition Wall c `is removed, and if this consists or" a burnable substance'then the removal automatically takes place by the fire. The removal or burning of the vpartition Wal covering the passage Way left by the division Wall must take place before Athe removal or burning of the part or" the partition Wall ily-ing against the division wall itself, in Vrorder to allon7 the 'hot gases to pass into the succeeding chamber.V vIn this Way the draught is parallel with the particular division Wall until eventually the particular partiticnwall is destroyed. On moving the partition wall c then the hot gases will take' theway indicated by the arrows p.

small part of the hot gases Will through the numerous openings of the divi- -sion Wall, madeof unburnt bricks,and so Wil-l burn these bricks. Besides this, as shown by various arrows on F ig. 4 the streaming of the hot gases through the division Walls is no longer. parallel, `instead enclose an angle,

according to the method of setting as shown in Fig. 11.

As usually 2 4 chambers are in ire, according to th-e size of the kiln, it Will be enough if there is a movable or burnable partition Wall c only behind every second or third division Wall a, made of unburnt bricks. Inthe circumstancesWhere chambers y5 and 6, Fig. 4l, are in full lire, one can use the heat of chambers 1 2 to predry or iinally dry the bricks in the freshly set chambers. rI`his takes place by means of conducting tubes connected to the heating lines W1 and W72 and the particular chambers that are cooling. It is arranged that slightly Warm air is used 'onpre-drying and Warmer air for after drying. y

As soon aschambers 1 3 arecoldthelbricks Y vcan be carted out, this occurs from 'the -ends a-liter the temporary end Walls are removed. The setting of the chambers can therefore immediately proceed again. In order to make use of the heat oi chambers 7 1-0 it lis Vnecessary to empty chambers 6 through a side door vg. I/Vhen chambers 1 4 are again set with fresh bricks then the heat ot the last chamber can be used for .pre and after drying of these bricks. When the heat ci the last chambers has been used up for .the fresh setting in lthe first chambers, then the cartingout of the bricks by lorries or railway Wagons, from chamber 10 to '6 or 7 can begin from the ends. lChambers 10 and 11 are in full lire and cham-bers 12 1lL are being smoked. y

The kilns shown in Figs. 5 and 6 and also 7 and 8 are designed for large outputs. The procedure for opera-tingfis similar to yt-he kiln described above. I/Vhen chambers 18, 19, 2() y(Fig. 5) are not yet set, though ready for setting, and chambers 1 3 ready t0 be emptied, chambers 4, 5, 6 and 7-cooling, chambers 8 and 9 in :after tire, chambers 10, 11, 12 and 113 in full tire and chambers M lnifn preir-ing, while 16 17 are Water-smoking, burnt Ware can be removed from chamber 1 7 with Wagons from the-endet the kiln. There upon,commencing from chamber 7 thecha-mbers up to l can be resety with goods to be burnt. The emptying of chambers 7, 8, 9 and also 5 and 6 as Well as 14, v15 and 16 Vcan take place iron-1 side doors Ag. The removal of the goods by means of the side doors g may be dispensed with, as the burnin-g space is long enough. It is not of great matter, if-30% Aofthe space is left tree for the purpose of :carting out Aand In the case of the :triple kiln, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, with 35 chainbers, the burning space can also be used as drying space. With suc-h a kiln the cen-tre compartment is most usefully used as a drying chamber, in yorder to conduct the heat by the shortest Way to the individual drying chambers. The continu-ance of the iireffrom chamber 12 tocham- .ber is brought'about in this case by means of the connecting'fiue F respectively from chamber 24 to chamber l by means otchannel F1. There is shown in Fig. 12 a centre wall of a double or multi-fold kiln. There are two heat-conducting lines NV, and' a `smoke removing flue R which is provided with branches e reaching to eitherside. lThe s-inoke, as also the heat, can v always be removed by the shortest way by means of these channels. The loss of radiant and conducted heat is therefore considerably less than in f an ordinary continuous kiln, despite this one is always in the position to bring the heat in the shortest way to the individual burning chambers for preand final drying. There ris a further advantage in that'the drying process can always be conducted with two or ymore conducting channels. Further one is in the position, by the forming of a long burning space, to burn with Vmuchv draught, and so attaina great tire-progress and a great kiln these kilns, as carts, railway wagons, lorries imV and such like can be directly driven into the kiln. There is indicated in Figs. and 8, railway lines or track lines, which are covered during burning with isolating material; by the provision of these considerable manual labour Ais saved, which together with the saving in initial cost and saving in fuel has an important influence on the general economy of these kilns.

Iclaimi 'Y f* om y l. A brick kiln (.omprising`- long, spaced and substantially parallel Awalls, division walls of unburnt open brickwork extending partly across the space alternately -r'fromthe llong walls to form a sinuous passage from endto end of the kiln, means to supply gases to'tne' kiln, a portion of 'said gases `,passing through' the sinuous passager and another portion passing directly through the division walls.

2. A, brick kiln .comprising spaced, substantially parallel long walls, having smoke removing flues and heatingy fines therein,

` ,In testimony that I claim i end to end of the kiln, means to supply gases to the kiln, a portion of said gases passing through the sinuous passage and another portion passing directly through the division walls, and removable partitions operable inr conjunction with one or moredivisi-on walls and lextending'entirely across the space be vtween the long walls. i

4l. A" brick kiln comprising long, spaced, and substantially parallel walls, division walls of uiiburnt. open brick-work extending;y

partlyy across the space alternatelyfrom the long walls to form a siiiuous passage from end to end of the kiln, means `to supply gases kto the kiln, a portion of said gases passing through the sinuous passage'and another portion passing directly through they Adivision walls, and combustible partitions co-operating with said division walls 5. A brick'kiln comprising long, spaced,

'and substantially parallel walls, division walls of vunburnt open brick-work extending partly acrossthespace alternately from the long ywalls to form a sinuous passagefrom end to end of the kiln, means to supply gases to the kiln, a portion of said gases passingV through the sinuous passage and another portion passing ldirectly through the ydivision walls, and combustible partitions partly within the division walls andeXtending from one long wall to the other.

6. A brick kiln comprising long, spacedl and substantially parallel walls, division walls of unburnt open brick-work extending vpartly across the space alternately from the long walls to form a sinuous passage Jfrom .s

-end to end ofthe kiln, means to supply i gases to the kiln,a portion of said gases passing through the siiiuo'us passage and another portion passing directly through the division walls, removable covers for the kiln cham-k bers, removable partitions associated with of the partitions outside the kiln, a cap engaging partly on the topof the kiln, and a sealing medium sealing the meeting edges of thecap and gutter and kiln top. v

as my invention, have signed my rname hereto.' v

ALOIS HABLA.

means connecting the'smoke lues of the walls together, partition walls of unburnt open brickworkeXtending alternately from one long wall toward the otherto form sinuously y and substantially parallely walls, division Y walls of unburnt opeii-brick workextending partly across the space alternately from the long walls toorm a sinuous passage from oneor more chambers, a gutter at the top the foregoing l Y 

